Because we do not have any a priori hypothesis regarding the middle category—
medium income in this case—the null hypothesis is that there is no significant difference
between the proportions of targeted and neglected consumers in this category. However, if
the results show a significant difference for any of the middle categories, it would indicate
that credit card companies use that attribute to target or neglect consumers, depending on
whether the test statistic is positive or negative.
We expect card companies to target consumers who have established credit histories
through auto loans, home equity loans/lines of credit, and other installment loans, and neglect
those who do not have such loans. Card companies are also expected to target consumers
who use credit, carrying high loan balances,2 and use it responsibly, paying a lot more than
the minimum amount due on their credit cards. They are expected to neglect those who have
low loan balances and pay the full amount of their credit card bills or do not have any credit
card bill, because such customers generally do not use credit.
We expect credit card companies to target consumers who have never had payment
difficulties, such as having a check returned because of insufficient funds, paying a bill more
than 30 days late, and having a hard time paying bills. Card companies are also expected to
target consumers who never suffered any credit damage, such as a late payment call or letter
from a creditor, contact by a collection agency, and being turned down for a loan or credit
card. We expect card companies to neglect those who experienced such payment difficulties
or credit damage in the last two years.
If the findings support our expectations, it would indicate that credit card companies target
more credit-worthy consumers and neglect less credit-worthy ones.