Tillage systems significantly affected all soil structure repre-
sentations (VESS, OVS and OSS, Table 5). Mouldboard ploughing
(MP) produced the best topsoil quality (i.e. lowest VESS score) and
showed a higher score for OVS and OSS (i.e. better condition for
plant growth) compared to harrowing to a depth of 8–10 cm (H)
and direct drilling (D) (Table 5). Of the tillage systems, D resulted in
the poorest soil quality (i.e. highest VESS score) for both the
studied locations. Harrowing (H) showed an intermediate topsoil
quality score (VESS) for both locations. No significant differences
were found between D and H for OVS and OSS at both locations.
The average relative yields at both sites and RY at Flakkebjerg were
significantly affected by tillage (Table 5). The RY for mouldboard-
ploughed soil was higher compared to the H and D treatments. No
significant difference was found between H and D.