Conclusions
The results of this research demonstrated the ability to produce bacterial cellulose using wood hot water extract , which represents potential economical and environmental benefits. The fracture surface morphology of the bacterial cellulose pellicles from wood hot water extract illustrated a smaller cellulose fibril diameter in comparison with the bacterial cellulose pellicle from the Hestrin–Schramm medium. The present work is the first reported successful research effort to use wood hot water extract for bacterial cellulose production. This novel approach establishes a strong and key foundation for utilization of wood hot water extract as a cost effective medium to potentially produce bacterial cellulose materials on a large scale.