Spitzer also reviews the opposite hypothesis, that societies have moved from restitutive forms of law to repressive forms. This theory, which he terms the political centralization hypothesis, rests on the argument that less advanced societies have lesser capacity for repressive control, and so 'less complex societies placed more emphasis on reconciliation through a dispute-settling process, while advanced societies are more likely to have the capacity and inclination to implement coercive rule enforcement'(ibid, emphasis in original).