In this paper, a rapid and sensitive flow-injection chemiluminescence (flow-CL) system was developed
for the determination of cloxacillin sodium in environmental water samples and pharmaceutical preparations.
The method was based on the enhancement effect of cloxacillin sodium on the CL reaction of
luminal–H2O2–CuO nanosheets (NSs) in alkaline medium. The CuO nanosheets were synthesized using
a green sonochemical method. The physical properties of the synthesized CuO nanosheets were characterized
by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The influences of
various experimental factors such as H2O2, NaOH, luminol and CuO nanosheets concentrations were
investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the enhanced CL intensity was linearly related to the concentration
of cloxacillin sodium in the range of the 0.05–30.00 mg L1 with a correlation coefficient of
0.995. The corresponding detection limit (3r) was calculated to be 0.026 mg L1
. The relative standard
deviation (RSD) of the developed method was 2.21% with 11 repeated measurements of 4.00 mg L1 cloxacillin
sodium. Also, a total analysis time per sample was 30 s which confirmed the rapidity of the proposed
method. The analytical applicability of the proposed CL system was assessed by determining
cloxacillin sodium in spiked environmental water samples and pharmaceutical preparation. Furthermore,
the possible mechanism of CL reaction was discussed.