2.4. Description the water and menthol/ethanol solutions
The ethanol/menthol solution was a proprietary blend made by
Physicool Ltd™ (London, U. K.) and was composed of 0.2%
(16.8 mg) menthol, 20% (16 mL) ethanol, combined with 64 mL of
water; as menthol is not soluble in water, the ethanol suspended
the menthol in solution. When applied on the upper body (excluding
the hands, head and neck), which represents approximately
55% of the total surface area (Yu et al., 2010), this equated
to 1.68 mg of menthol per 100 cm2 surface area for the average
male with a total body surface area of 1.76 m2. The water-only
condition used tap water. All solutions were stored at room temperature
(approximately 20 °C) and transferred into the environmental
chamber three hours before testing, where they remained
until they were applied. The water or menthol/ethanol solutions
were measured in a graduated cylinder to 64 mL and poured in a
sealed waterproof pouch. Long sleeve breathable shirts were then
placed in the sealed pouch and soaked with the interventionspecific
liquid until all fluid was absorbed into the fabric. Participants
2.4. Description the water and menthol/ethanol solutionsThe ethanol/menthol solution was a proprietary blend made byPhysicool Ltd™ (London, U. K.) and was composed of 0.2%(16.8 mg) menthol, 20% (16 mL) ethanol, combined with 64 mL ofwater; as menthol is not soluble in water, the ethanol suspendedthe menthol in solution. When applied on the upper body (excludingthe hands, head and neck), which represents approximately55% of the total surface area (Yu et al., 2010), this equatedto 1.68 mg of menthol per 100 cm2 surface area for the averagemale with a total body surface area of 1.76 m2. The water-onlycondition used tap water. All solutions were stored at room temperature(approximately 20 °C) and transferred into the environmentalchamber three hours before testing, where they remaineduntil they were applied. The water or menthol/ethanol solutionswere measured in a graduated cylinder to 64 mL and poured in asealed waterproof pouch. Long sleeve breathable shirts were thenplaced in the sealed pouch and soaked with the interventionspecificliquid until all fluid was absorbed into the fabric. Participants
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