Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
Chapter 3
Database Systems, Data Centers,
and Business IntelligenceFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
2
Principles and Learning Objectives
•Data management and modeling are key aspects of organizing data and information
–Define general data management concepts and terms, highlighting the advantages of the database approach to data management
–Describe logical and physical database design considerations, the function of data centers, and the relational database model
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
3
Principles and Learning Objectives (continued)
•A well-designed and well-managed database is an extremely valuable tool in supporting decision making
–Identify the common functions performed by all database management systems, and identify popular database management systems
•The number and types of database applications will continue to evolve and yield real business benefits
–Identify and briefly discuss business intelligence, data mining, and other database applications
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
4
Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?
•Database:
–Organized collection of data
•Database management system (DBMS):
–Group of programs that manipulate the database
–Provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs
•Database administrator (DBA):
–Skilled IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization’s database
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
5
Data Management
•Without data and the ability to process the data:
–An organization could not successfully complete most business activities
•Data consists of raw facts
•To transform data into useful information:
–It must first be organized in a meaningful way
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
6
The Hierarchy of Data
•Bit (a binary digit):
–Circuit that is either on or off
•Byte:
–Typically made up of eight bits
•Character:
–Basic building block of information
•Field:
–Name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activity
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
7
The Hierarchy of Data (continued)
•Record:
–Collection of related data fields
•File:
–Collection of related records
•Database:
–Collection of integrated and related files
•Hierarchy of data:
–Bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
8
Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys
•Entity:
–General class of people, places, or things (objects) for which data is collected, stored, and maintained
•Attribute:
–Characteristic of an entity
•Data item:
–Specific value of an attribute
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition
9
Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys (continued)
Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth EditionChapter 3Database Systems, Data Centers,and Business IntelligenceFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 2 Principles and Learning Objectives•Data management and modeling are key aspects of organizing data and information–Define general data management concepts and terms, highlighting the advantages of the database approach to data management–Describe logical and physical database design considerations, the function of data centers, and the relational database modelFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 3 Principles and Learning Objectives (continued)•A well-designed and well-managed database is an extremely valuable tool in supporting decision making–Identify the common functions performed by all database management systems, and identify popular database management systems•The number and types of database applications will continue to evolve and yield real business benefits–Identify and briefly discuss business intelligence, data mining, and other database applicationsFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 4 Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?•Database:–Organized collection of data•Database management system (DBMS):–Group of programs that manipulate the database –Provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs•Database administrator (DBA):–Skilled IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization’s databaseFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 5 Data Management•Without data and the ability to process the data:–An organization could not successfully complete most business activities•Data consists of raw facts•To transform data into useful information:–It must first be organized in a meaningful wayFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 6 The Hierarchy of Data•Bit (a binary digit):–Circuit that is either on or off•Byte:–Typically made up of eight bits•Character:–Basic building block of information•Field:–Name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activityFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 7 The Hierarchy of Data (continued)•Record:–Collection of related data fields•File:–Collection of related records•Database:–Collection of integrated and related files•Hierarchy of data:–Bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databasesFundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 8 Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys•Entity:–General class of people, places, or things (objects) for which data is collected, stored, and maintained•Attribute:–Characteristic of an entity•Data item:–Specific value of an attribute Fundamentals of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 9 Data Entities, Attributes, and Keys (continued)
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