We assessed lifestyle and genetic factors in relation to NPC risk among 681 NPC cases and 1,078 controls from Thailand. Evaluated lifestyle factors included traditionally preserved foods, tobacco smoking, betel quid chewing, and alcohol consumption. Genetic factors included six variants implicated in a previous a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of NPC and three variants residing near the CHRNA3 and TERT genes that were linked to lung cancer risk in Asian populations. Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression.