The development of similar materials with a porous structure could
improve filter efficiency in various ways. In particular, an open-cell
metal foam can provide high porosity, whereas the selection of the
most suitable porous morphology may increase the effective contact
period of water with the porous surface. Metal foams can be engaged
Materials and Design 87 (2015) 287–294
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in a water treatment line and ensure an extended lifetime before
replacement. Furthermore, their compact structure, contrary to corresponding
powders or granules, implies better chemical stability and,
therefore, lower leaching of metals. Lastly, avoiding the use of metals
with high solubility constants (e.g. Zn) is desirable.