Chocolate is derived from cocoa beans, which grow on cocoa trees in Central and South America, as well as in parts of the Caribbean and Africa. Cocoa butter is extracted from cocoa beans, as are cocoa solids. Cocoa butter contains all the fat of the cocoa bean, and it is used as the oil or fat with which chocolate is produced. Chocolate is made by mixing cocoa butter, which provides the fatty part of chocolate, with cocoa solids and sugar. The first step in producing chocolate is the fermentation of cocoa beans picked from cocoa trees. Cocoa beans have a naturally bitter taste when they are first picked, and must be processed a certain way to yield traditional, sweet chocolate. The beans are then roasted, shelled, and ground into cocoa mass, which is often called chocolate liquor. Chocolate liquor can be broken down into cocoa solids and cocoa butter. The mixture of sugar, cocoa butter, and cocoa solids results in the kind of chocolate that we can buy at the grocery store. Many chocolate products are made by adding particular fruits, flavors, or nuts to traditional chocolate mixtures. These kinds of chocolate are additives include almonds, cherries, hazelnuts, nougat, caramel, and marshmallow.