The present study indicated that the CHCl3 fraction obtained from Boesenbergia longiflora rhizomes possessed acute anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of the second phase on the release of prostaglandins and had the maximum inhibitory effects at 2 h which was similar to that of the standard indomethacin. However, the result showed that the CHCl3 fraction exhibited acute anti-inflammatory activity in the tested models which was found to be the most effective at higher concentrations employed. Perhaps, the anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan-induced paw edema models are not depending on the doses due to the low bioavailability of the extract components by the oral administration in an acute inflammatory assay. However, it can be inferred that the inhibitory effect of CHCl3 fraction on the carrageenan-induced inflammation could be due to the inhibition of COX enzyme leading to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Though, a more extensive study is necessary to determine the exact mechanisms of action of the extract and its active compounds.