The oesophagus, a tubular organ, measured
13.39 ± 3.46 mm in length, presented a longitudinal
pleated mucosa and connects the oropharynx
cavity to the stomach (Fig. 1A). Histologically,
the oesophagus consists of the following layers:
mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa (Fig.
1G). The epithelium is stratified squamous, with
epithelial cells interspersed by mucous cells,
branched tubuloacinar oesophageal glands and
taste buds only in the cranial region (Fig. 1H). The
submucosa layer consists of loose connective tissue
with fat cells and blood vessels. The muscular layer
is composed of skeletal muscle tissue with muscular
fibres arranged longitudinally on the inner sublayer,
and in a circular shape on the outer one. The
serosa is the outermost layer and consists of dense
connective tissue and mesothelium.