were detected between the different flours or substitution
percentages.
The addition of the protein fraction led to an increase in batter
viscosity in both sponge and layer cakes and a fall in the pH,
although this was not significant with a substitution of less than
50% in sponge cakes. This increase in sponge cake batter viscosity
could be related to less amount of air trapped within the batter,
observed as a change in specific volume. In contrast, starch
concentrate fraction produced either no change or a slight decrease
in batter viscosity; however, this was not significant in layer cakes
even with 100% substitution of the wheat flour. pHwas not affected.
Pin-milled pea flour showed a similar behaviour to starch fraction,
as starch is the major component of pea flour, and did not affect
viscosity or pH in layer or sponge batters.