Due to the increased electrical conductivity of products (see: Electrical Conductivity) as heat increases, the connecting tubes increase in length throughout the system to maintain the same electrical impedance.
A temperature control system constantly monitors the temperature, flow rate, heat capacity and specific heat of a product to calculate the electrical power needed for the system. The processing capacities of such systems can range from 3 to 6 tons an hour. For validation of processing, a sterilized solution will be inoculated with a known organism, processed through the system at the known heat treatment for that organism, and then evaluated for survivor cell counts (Parrott 1992).