After this training phase, subjects immediately proceeded to a phase that presented 18 successive study test lists of 8 of the word pairs shown during training. Subjects read the word pairs and were told to remember them for a test that would follow. A mathematical distractor task was presented after the study list. The key test occurred immediately after the mathematical task when incomplete word pairs appeared on the screen at the rate of 1 pair every 3 seconds (door-knobs). Subjects completed the pair with the word on the immediately preceding study list and were told to guess if they did not remember.