Perceptions of place are not only affected by the past, but also by attitudes toward the present and future. This time continuum challenge arises because: issues that attract people's attention change over time: those changes occur in an open system and are seldom linear. which makes them dificult to predict. and human abilities to conceptualize distant time
horizons, either in the past or for the future, are variable, selective, and usually very limited (Lew. 2009). Just as short-term memory is more reliable than the distant past, so too are short-term change projections generally more reliable than long-term visioning. This would impact respondents' views on changes in the Khumbu, as long-term, slow changes are more difficult to than more short-term and sudden social and environmental shifs.