Conclusion
In this paper we empirically examine the theoretical
framework of gender participation of Agarwal (2001) and
extend prior attempts to explain the gender participation in
forestry in a number of ways. First, we develop fuller probability
models of the framework for empirical analysis by including
measures for all of the potential explanatory variables she
advocates (see Table 1). Second, we engage in cross country
analysis of these phenomenon and combine analysis from data
taken both at the household and at the level of the forest
association. Third, we not only look at the determinants of
women’s participation, but also examine the role of such
participation on institutional outcomes, including household
rankings of rule and sanction fairness, and, at the forest
association level, the level of disruptive conflict.