Very open e-government failures in some public agencies, creating bad publicity for which senior officials are seen as ultimately responsible. This impels these officials to take more central responsibility for e-government.
E-government failures that stimulate growing recognition of serious organizational constraints on systems development and implementation. Successful introduction of new e-government systems may require major changes in the allocation of resources, including organizational power. Senior managers often realize that that must take charge because only they have the clout to overcome resistance to such changes.
These drivers are enabled by the growing awareness among some senior public managers of information as a corporate resource, and by their own growing ability to use IT.