Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS): The Trends in
International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) provides reliable and timely data
on the mathematics and science achievement of U.S. 4th- and 8th-grade students
compared to that of students in other countries. This assessment first offered in 1995,
then subsequently in 1999, 2003, 2007 and 2011 measures students’ progress in
mathematics and science. During each test year, the United States randomly drew a
sample that consistently ranged from 450-500 schools. Internationally, the number of
students taking the assessment has ranged from 9,000-33,000 (Ruzzi, 2006). During the
1995 school year, students from up to 41 nations were assessed at different grade levels
(4th and 8th) to establish a baseline in mathematics and science achievement for other
nations. American fourth graders scored above the international average in mathematics
and science comprehension. Eighth graders however in 1995 scored below average in
mathematics. There were no measureable improvements or changes in students’ scores
between 1995 and 2003. (Mundy, 2004).