Given the definition of sustainable transportation
above, one might ask exactly why the current transport
system is unsustainable. There are several reasons for
this. The principal ones are (1) the limited nature of
petroleum reserves, (2) the negative impacts of
petroleum-based emissions on air quality, (3) the
excessive number of fatalities and injuries due to motor
vehicles, (4) traffic congestion, bordering on gridlock in
many cities, and (5) urban sprawl. Of less importance,
but certainly not insignificant, are problems related to
noise pollution, structural damage due to vibration
from motor vehicles, water pollution attributable to
runoff from streets and highways, the loss of wetlands,
open spaces, and historic facilities, ocean pollution due
to oil spills and secondary impacts (Black, 1996). In
general, these problems create costs, but they do not
necessarily prevent future generations from meeting
their transport needs. The following discussions focuses
on the principal problems noted above. Discussions of
the other factors may be found in inter alia MacKenzie
et al. (1992) Miller and Moffet (1993), and Litman
(1995).
Virtual reality Petroleum s f
Given the definition of sustainable transportation
above, one might ask exactly why the current transport
system is unsustainable. There are several reasons for
this. The principal ones are (1) the limited nature of
petroleum reserves, (2) the negative impacts of
petroleum-based emissions on air quality, (3) the
excessive number of fatalities and injuries due to motor
vehicles, (4) traffic congestion, bordering on gridlock in
many cities, and (5) urban sprawl. Of less importance,
but certainly not insignificant, are problems related to
noise pollution, structural damage due to vibration
from motor vehicles, water pollution attributable to
runoff from streets and highways, the loss of wetlands,
open spaces, and historic facilities, ocean pollution due
to oil spills and secondary impacts (Black, 1996). In
general, these problems create costs, but they do not
necessarily prevent future generations from meeting
their transport needs. The following discussions focuses
on the principal problems noted above. Discussions of
the other factors may be found in inter alia MacKenzie
et al. (1992) Miller and Moffet (1993), and Litman
(1995).
Virtual reality Petroleum s f
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
