An employer commits race discrimination when it makes job decisions on the basis of race or when it adopts seemingly neutral job policies that disproportionately affect members of a particular race (more on this below).
Federal and most states' laws forbid race discrimination in every aspect of employment, including hiring, firing, promotions, compensation, job training, discipline, and termination.
When an employer intentionally singles out applicants or employees of a particular race for less favorable treatment, that is “disparate treatment” discrimination. When an employer applies the same policy or practice to everyone, but the burden falls more heavily on employees of a particular race, that is "disparate impact" discrimination.