1. Introduction
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) possibly the oldest domesticated grain
(w10,000 years), is the staple food of half of the world’s population.
India is the second leading producer of rice in the entire world,
preceded only by China. India’s annual paddy production is around
144 million metric tonnes. Among the cereals, rice is mainly
consumed in the whole form after appropriate processing. Milling
is a term that describes the process of converting paddy into rice.
The basic principle of a rice milling is the removal or separation of
the husk (dehusking) and the bran (polishing) to produce the edible
portion (endosperm) for consumption. The extent of losses on the
edible portion of the grain during milling depends on many factors
such as variety of paddy, method of harvesting and drying, moisture
content of paddy during milling, degree of milling, the kind of
rice mill used etc. Finally during the milling of paddy (rough rice),
the husk (hull), milled rice (the edible portion), a mixture of bran
and germ and brokens are obtained. Milling is usually done when
paddy is dry about 14 g/100 g of moisture content. The extent of
removal of the bran layers (which is a treasure house of several
1. IntroductionRice (Oryza sativa L.) possibly the oldest domesticated grain(w10,000 years), is the staple food of half of the world’s population.India is the second leading producer of rice in the entire world,preceded only by China. India’s annual paddy production is around144 million metric tonnes. Among the cereals, rice is mainlyconsumed in the whole form after appropriate processing. Millingis a term that describes the process of converting paddy into rice.The basic principle of a rice milling is the removal or separation ofthe husk (dehusking) and the bran (polishing) to produce the edibleportion (endosperm) for consumption. The extent of losses on theedible portion of the grain during milling depends on many factorssuch as variety of paddy, method of harvesting and drying, moisturecontent of paddy during milling, degree of milling, the kind ofrice mill used etc. Finally during the milling of paddy (rough rice),the husk (hull), milled rice (the edible portion), a mixture of branand germ and brokens are obtained. Milling is usually done whenpaddy is dry about 14 g/100 g of moisture content. The extent ofremoval of the bran layers (which is a treasure house of several
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