Bearing in mind the cultural, social, and regulatory differences among EU Member States, a broad comparison has identi ed strengths and starting points for a joint model using evidence- based approaches that also take account of differences in the spe- ci c organizational contexts. The working group took part in the European research project PRIMA-EF (Psychosocial Risk Management-European Framework) [5e8] providing guidelines for the development of an integrated model for monitoring psycho- social risks. This experience formed the basis for examining the models used in various European countries [9].