ofthemostimportantfunctionsofcognitivecontrolistocontinuouslyadaptcognitiveprocessesto
changing andoftenconflicting demandsoftheenvironment.Dopamine(DA)hasbeensuggestedtoplay
a keyroleinthesignalingandresolutionofsuchresponseconflict. GiventhatDAisfoundinhigh
concentration intheretina,colorvisiondiscriminationhasbeensuggestedasanindexofDAfunctioning
and inparticularblue–yellowcolorvisionimpairment(CVI)hasbeenusedtoindicateacentral
hypodopaminergicstate.Weusedcolordiscrimination(indexedbythetotalcolordistancescore;TCDS)
to predictindividualdifferencesinthecognitivecontrolofresponseconflict, asreflected byconflictresolution
efficiency inanauditorySimontask.Asexpected,participantsshowingbettercolor
discrimination weremoreefficient inresolvingresponseconflict. Interestingly,participantsshowinga
blue–yellowCVIwereassociatedwithlessefficiency inhandlingresponseconflict. Our findings indicate
that colorvisiondiscriminationmightrepresentapromisingpredictorofcognitivecontrolabilityin
healthyindividuals.