XIII. Participants
The participants included a new group of 35 undergraduate students (age range: 18–22) from the University of Missouri who participated in exchange for course-related credit and a new group of 34 older adults (age range: 65–83) from central Missouri who were compensated $15 for their time (see Table 1 for demographic information). All participants were healthy physically and mentally, had no known memory deficits, and had normal or corrected-to-normal visual acuity. The proportion of males and females was similar in each age group, however, as in many studies on age-related memory differences the older adults had significantly more formal education than younger adults,t(67) = 6.76, p < .001.