HCV infection, alone or in combination with alcohol-related liver disease, accounts for nearly two-thirds of newly diagnosed chronic liver disease in the general population. Chronic HCV infection is present in 8.5%−30% of people with serious mental illness, a rate 5–16 times higher than in the general population . Substance use, particularly injection drug use, is an important vector for transmission of HCV . Nearly 50% of patients with schizophrenia meet criteria for a substance use disorder in their lifetime , and rates of lifetime injection drug use in samples of patients with serious mental illness range from 5% to 35%, compared with 1.4% in the general population.