C (NCTC 10719), type D (NCTC 8346), type E (NCTC 8084), cpe (NCTC
8239), and cpb2 (NCTC 13110) reference strains were kindly provided
from Konya Veterinary Control and Research Institute, Konya,
Turkey. Isolation and identification of C. perfringens isolates were
made using the protocol described by Schalch et al. [14].