5. Conclusions and recommendations
This study reveals the positive perception of the community towards nighttime leisure activities in
urban public park in both of case study area of Shah Alam and Putrajaya from the aspect of comfort,
convenience and safety. They also accepted the provision of nighttime urban public park as the place for
families leisure which help to rejuvenate urban community lifestyle and also act as socializing tools. The
results showed that the nighttime leisure in urban public park has a potential to be explored as a future
community leisure activities offering cooling outdoor leisure environment with unique experiences of
night scenery. Urban public park during nighttime would promote a local nocturnal flora and fauna while
optimizing the use of urban green spaces. Such evidence may contribute to novel knowledge in the field
of environmental behavior studies, urban planning and urban landscape in creating a sustainable urban
public park design for urban communities while promoting vibrant urban public outdoor spaces during
nighttime. The findings may also be used to improve the local authority policies and guidelines regarding
future urban public park design. This study had identified the items related to nighttime leisure activities
in urban public park to ensure the d safety. The urban public park should
provide a buffer zone to overcome the noise from vehicle on nearby roads to improve the comfort of
nighttime users. Moreover, the location of urban public park also should be placed closed to mosque if the