The final factor concerns the temporal ordering of parental influence. Parents play an active role
during the early phase of gender development. With further development, family management practices change in form and locus of influence. After children adopt personal standards parents lighten their socialization pressures because they are largely unnecessary (Bandura & Walters, 1959). Without analysis of changes in the balance of parental and self-directive influence as self-regulatory capabilities are developed, children appear fully gendered under the control of peers with seemingly inactive parents. For the many reasons given above, the view that parents exert no differential impact on their children's gender orientation is deeply problematic.