Scheffe's test allows you to do more than compare group means. You can compare the average of groups A and B with the average of groups C, D and E. Etc. The only real reason to choose Scheffe's test for multiple comparisons is to do that kind of contrast. If you only compare group means, this test has less power than others (Tukey, Dunnett).
The Scheffe's test (unlike Tukey etc.) guarantees you that if the overall ANOVA is statistically significant then at least one contrast will be too (page 217, Maxwell and Delaney, 2nd edition). But that contrast may not be a simple comparison of group means, but rather may be a complex comparison involving many groups.