2.8. Data analysis
The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated after baseline
subtracted. The plasma concentration-time data was analyzed
by non-compartmental method with the aid of computer program
Phoenix WinNonlin (version 6.3, Pharsight Corp., Mountain View,
CA, USA). The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and peak
time (tmax)were noted directly by inspection of the concentrationtime
curve. The elimination rate constant (kel) was calculated
by semi-log linear regression of the terminal phase of plasma
concentration-time curve. Elimination half-life (t1/2) was calculated
using the equation of t1/2 = 0.693/kel. The area under
the plasma concentration-time curve 0 to the last (AUC0–12 h)
was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule, while the area
under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity
(AUC0–INF) was calculated by AUC0–INF =AUC0–12 h +C12 h/kel. For
the multiple-dose study, the accumulation index (R) was calculated
as R = [1-exp(-kel ื)]-1 where is the dosing interval (8 h).
Student’s t-test was used to compare the differences in standardized
pharmacokinetics parameters (Cmax, AUC0–12 h, AUC0–INF) and
t1/2, while the Wilcoxon signed ranked test was utilized to compare
the difference in tmax between the two dosing and two gender
groups. Standardized pharmacokinetics parameters = log (parameter/
dose). A p-value