Worldwide, the emergence and global spread of microorganisms with acquired
carbapenemases is of great concern. The reservoirs for such organisms are increasing,
not only in hospitals, but also in the community and environment. A new and important
development is the presence of such organisms in livestock, companion animals and
wildlife. During the last three years, carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella
spp. (VIM-1 producers) and Acinetobacter spp. (producing OXA-23 and NDM-1) in livestock
animals (poultry, cattle and swine) and their environment have been reported. In addition,
the isolation of NDM-1-producing E. coli, OXA-48 in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae or
OXA-23 in Acinetobacter spp. from companion animals (cats, dogs or horses) has also been
observed. Other reports have described the presence of NDM-1-producing Salmonella
isolated from wild birds, as well as OXA-23-like-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in
ectoparasites. However, until now carbapenemase producers from foods have not been
detected. For humans in contrast carbapenem-producing Salmonella isolates are
increasingly reported. The real prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes in zoonotic
bacteria or commensals from animals is unknown. Consequently, there is a need for
intensified surveillance on the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in the
food chain and other animal sources in order to assist in the formulation of measures to
prevent their potential spread.
Worldwide, the emergence and global spread of microorganisms with acquiredcarbapenemases is of great concern. The reservoirs for such organisms are increasing,not only in hospitals, but also in the community and environment. A new and importantdevelopment is the presence of such organisms in livestock, companion animals andwildlife. During the last three years, carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonellaspp. (VIM-1 producers) and Acinetobacter spp. (producing OXA-23 and NDM-1) in livestockanimals (poultry, cattle and swine) and their environment have been reported. In addition,the isolation of NDM-1-producing E. coli, OXA-48 in E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae orOXA-23 in Acinetobacter spp. from companion animals (cats, dogs or horses) has also beenobserved. Other reports have described the presence of NDM-1-producing Salmonellaisolated from wild birds, as well as OXA-23-like-producing Acinetobacter baumannii inectoparasites. However, until now carbapenemase producers from foods have not beendetected. For humans in contrast carbapenem-producing Salmonella isolates areincreasingly reported. The real prevalence of carbapenemase-encoding genes in zoonoticbacteria or commensals from animals is unknown. Consequently, there is a need forintensified surveillance on the occurrence of carbapenemase-producing bacteria in thefood chain and other animal sources in order to assist in the formulation of measures toprevent their potential spread.
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