Good Manufacturing Practices
(GMPs) contain both requirements
and guidelines for manufacturing of
food and drug products in a sanitary
environment. The Food and Drug
Administration (www.fda.gov) has
developed GMPs for all foods, and
that agency enforces those GMPs for
all foods except meat, poultry, and egg
products. The U.S. Department of
Agriculture’s Food Safety Inspection
Service (www.fsis.usda.gov) has
regulatory authority for those
products. USDA-FSIS has developed a
Sanitation regulation (Code of Federal
Regulations Title 9 Part 416, www.
access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_
07/9cfr416_07.html) to address
sanitary requirements for processingof meat and poultry products. Within the Sanitation
regulations are requirements to produce wholesome
foods under sanitary conditions and specific Sanitation
Standard Operating Procedures (SSOPs). When
developing SSOPs to meet USDA-FSIS requirements, it
is helpful to review GMPs for nonmeat products (21
CFR 110 www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_
02/21cfr110_02.html), since FDA includes extensive
details on defining sanitary conditions and allowable
practices.
Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) regulations
were first introduced in 1969 by the FDA as Part 128 of
the Code of Federal Regulations to further implement
the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. In 1977 this was
recoded as Part 110, and it was further revised and
updated in 1986, to what is now regarded as cGMPs