A. Base Station
The base station controls the sensor nodes and acts as a gateway
for data transmission to a remote server. The sensor nodes
use short-range communication such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth to
transmit data to the base station. The base station uses longrange
communication such as GPRS or satellite to transmit
collated data back to a server at a control center. It has a more
powerful processor and more memory than the sensor nodes
to allow it to collate data from multiple sensors. Hence, the
base station requiresmore power. For example, trainmonitoring
systems have battery-powered sensor nodes in the carriages but
place the base station in the locomotive, where more power is
available from the train engine.