In prior studies of hip rotation and LBP, the measurement of interest has been either active or passive end range hip rotation. The patients studied have been those with and without LBP who participate in a variety of activities. The findings from reports of active hip rotation motion and LBP have been mixed. Fairbank et al. (1984) reported that adolescents with LBP tended to have less left hip rotation than adolescents without LBP (3° difference). There were, however, no group differences in right hip rotation. In a study of young adults, Mellin (1990) found that women with LBP had less active hip lateral rotation than women without LBP, but there were no differences in active hip medial rotation between women with and without LBP. Mellin (1990) also reported no differences between men with and without LBP for active hip medial or lateral rotation. Chesworth et al. (1994), on the other hand, reported significantly less active medial, lateral and total hip rotation in people with LBP compared to people without LBP. Findings from studies of passive hip rotation motion and LBP have also been equivocal. Ellison et al. (1990) reported no differences in passive range of hip rotation motion between people with and people without LBP. Different patterns of end-range hip rotation motion, however, were identified in people with and without LBP. Cibulka et al. (1998) identified a specific pattern of passive hip rotation motion in people with LBP in which hip lateral rotation was significantly greater than medial rotation on the side associated with the LBP symptoms. The identified pattern, though, was specific only to a subset of people with LBP who presented with signs associated with sacroiliac joint dysfunction (Cibulka et al., 1998; Cibulka, 1999). Thus, the findings across these studies suggest that there may be a relationship between hip rotation mobility and LBP, but the specific nature of the relationship remains unclear.