The emergence of the five factor model (FFM) allowed personnel psychologists to develop more
construct valid instruments with better predictive validity (Barrick & Mount, 2012) The FFM was
able to bring order to the field and demonstrate that such characteristics are relatively enduring and
stable. Over time practitioners have noted the value in combining personality and behavioral
assessments for executive development. Combining both types of assessments is increasingly
recognized as being a more robust process than using either method alone because it allows for the
examination of convergence as well as possible divergence of the data