Fig: 1 System layout of linear charge controller
II. MPPT Charge Controller: The MPPT (maximum power point tracker)
is a technique is used to obtain maximum power from varying
source. The MPPT will act as a battery charger for the solar panel.
It will be designed to operate the panel at the voltage, which will
extract maximum power from the panel. The major drawback of
this MPPT charge controller is that, uses the buck converter topology
which step down the voltage level of high voltage above battery
level and fails in case of less than battery voltage under cold
weather condition. The efficiency achieved around 90%. The fig.2
shows the system layout of MPPT Charge Controller.