The first paper describes risk factors for diabetes in First Nations in northwestern Ontario,confirming other studies that have found aboriginal populations to be at high risk for diabetes and other chronic diseases.Specifically,respondents had high intake of fat and sugar and low intake of fiber as well as a high prevalence of obesity. In addition , they engaged in virtually no vigorous physical activity. Psychosocial determinants showed expected associations : self-efficacy predicted outcome expectation,which predicted intention , and intention predicted behavior. There were significant differences in knowledge and food acquisition across remote vs. semi-remote communities,most likely because of the differential access to information and food sources.This data reinforces the need for effective strategies to address diet and physical activity in First Nations.