A DC to DC converter is a piece of circuitry that converters one Direct Current voltage level to
another DC voltage. These converters are able to transmit power efficiently and over a range of
loads. DC to DC converters have a wide range application, and are implemented in a majority of
electronic products. Applied largely to computers and cell phones, DC to DC converters allow
electronics to have different DC sources for all the purposes necessary. A laptop is an application
that cannot operate without DC to DC converters. Voltage from AC outlet first is converted from
110V to a range of 18-24V DC. This voltage is then divided to provide three different output rails:
12V, 5V and 3.3V. 12V rails are used primarily for powering fans, hard drive, and motors. 5V and
3.3V rails are used to power electronic components such as RAM, CPU, chipset and low end video
cards. DC-DC converters are also widely used in power distribution.