the bamboo population should also be maintained at
a level not detrimental to the establishment of other species. As the
success of secondary succession depends on the frequency and
intensity of disturbance, protection of secondary forests from
further disturbances is vital. To accelerate the rate of floristic and
structural recovery to the level of the nearby natural forest
fragment, the following silvicultural measures are recommended:
enrichment planting in the form of direct seeding and/or planting
of a mixture of long-lived, light-demanding species, enhancement
of soil fertility of the swidden fallows (e.g. using rice husk and
other manures) and weeding.