Species of the genus Fusarium show close interactions with plant hosts as saprobes on plant debris and endophytic in living hosts, as well as plant pathogens. They also occur as potential opportunists of immunocompetent humans, with a traumatic portal of entry, and occasionally cause disseminated infections in severely debilitated patients. Their distribution is in temperate and tropical climate zones ( Schmale & Munkvold 2009). Since individual species can be found in divergent habitats including agricultural and aquatic systems, natural forests, grassland and deserts, as well as in man-made environments, the natural ecology of Fusarium remains enigmatic ( Al-Hatmi et al. 2014). Smith et al. (2007) noted that Fusarium conidia are water-borne and become air-borne when dried, while the chlamydospores are typically soil-borne. Sexual spores, when produced, are distributed by air. Some species of Fusarium have a restricted host-range, while others either cause diseases of many plant species ( Short et al. 2013) or are able to infect humans relatively effectively ( Nucci et al. 2014).
Species of the genus Fusarium show close interactions with plant hosts as saprobes on plant debris and endophytic in living hosts, as well as plant pathogens. They also occur as potential opportunists of immunocompetent humans, with a traumatic portal of entry, and occasionally cause disseminated infections in severely debilitated patients. Their distribution is in temperate and tropical climate zones ( Schmale & Munkvold 2009). Since individual species can be found in divergent habitats including agricultural and aquatic systems, natural forests, grassland and deserts, as well as in man-made environments, the natural ecology of Fusarium remains enigmatic ( Al-Hatmi et al. 2014). Smith et al. (2007) noted that Fusarium conidia are water-borne and become air-borne when dried, while the chlamydospores are typically soil-borne. Sexual spores, when produced, are distributed by air. Some species of Fusarium have a restricted host-range, while others either cause diseases of many plant species ( Short et al. 2013) or are able to infect humans relatively effectively ( Nucci et al. 2014).
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