Dog owners in Bauchi keep dogs primarily for security purposes including safeguarding livestock from attacks by predators and also protecting their farm crops from destruction by wildlife. Despite this important service provided by the dogs, their care and management were mostly poor. Many were poorly fed and not confined and so forced to move around the neighborhood in search of something to eat from rubbish dumps. Such dogs are referred to as “neighborhood” or “community” dogs [20]. This type of management of the domestic dog has also been reported in Ecuador [21], Zambia [22], Zimbabwe [23], and Kenya [6]. In this study most of the dogs are recognizable and traceable to specific owners, but they enjoy free range. A dog from one household is permitted to wander the neighborhood and may be offered food in other households. This promotes straying, encourages the gathering of dogs in packs and facilitates easy contact between dogs and humans/domestic animals/wildlife and cycle of endemic canine rabies can be easily maintained. In addition, there are problems of environmental pollution, social nuisance of dog bites and increased human exposure risk to rabies