Example requires surface-disinfestations before they can be placed in culture on the nutrient agar. This is generally accomplished by using diluted commercial chlorine bleach. Some explants, such as very small seeds or fern spores, are surface-disinfestations in conical, capped centrifuge tubes and require centrifugation to pellet the seeds and decanting off the solutions with a pipette. Explants that float in the disinfectant can be wrapped in squares of cheesecloth to prevent their floating out of the beaker or test tube as the solution are changed.
A general procedure for preparing the explant is as follow:
1. Wash the explant in warm, soapy water and rinse in tap water. This procedure is very beneficial for stem, leaf, and