Huang et al. fabricated a thin-film SOFC containing 50-150 nm thick YSZ or GDC electrolyte and 80 nm porous Pt cathode and anode , using sputtering, lithography, and etching techniques. The peak power densities are 200 and 400mW cm-2 at 350 C and 400 C, respectively. The high power densities achieved was attributed to the ultrathin electrolyte and the high charge-transfer reaction rate at the interfaces between the nanoporous electrodes (cathode and/or anode) and the nanocrystalline thin electrolyte. The unit cell area was 0.06 mm2 and increasing the call area may be difficult due to the inadequate mechanical strength of the freestanding electrolyte films.