fluid flow in circular and noncircular pipes is commonly encountered in
practice. The hot and cold water that we use in our homes is pumped
through pipes. Water in a city is distributed by extensive piping networks.
Oil and natural gas are transported hundreds of miles by large
pipelines. Blood is carried throughout our bodies by arteries and veins. The
cooling water in an engine is transported by hoses to the pipes in the radiator
where it is cooled as it flows. Thermal energy in a hydronic space heating
system is transferred to the circulating water in the boiler, and then it is
transported to the desired locations through pipes