he at least seems to have thought he was producing a similar response, for he declares that: “A translation should affect us in the same way as the original may be supposed to have affected its first hearers.” Despite Arnold’s objection to some of the freer translations done by others, he was at least strongly opposed to the literalist views of such persons as F.W.Newman (1861:xiv). Jowett (1891), on the other hand, comes somewhat closer to a present-day conception of “similar response” in stating that: “an English translation ought to be idiomatic and interesting, not only to the scholar, but to the learned reader.... The translator ...seeks to produce on his reader an impression similar or nearly similar to that produced by the original.”