This study examined the environmental impacts of food waste management and the effects of energy mix using the LCA-based model EASEWASTE. Three different strategies involving landfill, composting and combined digestion and composting as core technologies were investigated. Though biotreatment of food waste was considered environmentally friendly, food waste composting causes more serious acidification and nutrient enrichment than landfilling because of NH3 and SO2 emissions during decomposition. Using compost on farmland can marginally reduce global warming, acidification, and ecotoxicity and human toxicity through N, P, and K fertilizer substitution. However, what should be noticed is that compost used on farmland also contributes to nutrient enrichment due to N loss via NO3−. The energy recovery in combined biotechnology can counteract some of the impacts to most categories, resulting more environmental benefits in acidification, nutrient enrichment, global warming, etc. compared with composting and landfill technologies. The change of energy mix has marginal effects on the performance of composting strategy. However, it leads to more loading to acidification and nutrient enrichment significantly for both landfilling and combined digestion and composting technologies. These are mainly because the recovered energy can avoid fewer emissions than before, which is attributed to the lower background values in power generation. These results can provide quantitative evidence for technical selection and pollution control in food waste management.