The more obvious ones relate directly to productivity. Indication that job performance is declining may include production decreases lower quality more accident and higher scrap or rejection rate. Any of these outcome might suggest that worker skill need to be find tune. Of course we are assuming that the employee performance decline is in no way relate to lack of effort. Manager too must also recognize that a constantly evolving workplace may require training. Change impose on employee as result of job redesign or a technological breakthrough also require training.
It is important to put training into perspective. Training may be costly and it should not be view as a cure-all for that ail the organization. Rather judge training by it contribution to performance where performance is a function of skill abilities motivation and the opportunity to perform. Manager must also compare the value receive from performance increases attributable to training with the costs that training incurred.
Once it has been determined that training is necessary training goal must be established. Management should explicitly state it desire result for each employee. It is not adequate to say way want change in employee knowledge skill attitude or behavior we must clarify what is to change and by how must. These goal should be tangible verifiable timely and measurable. They should be clear to both the supervisor and the employee. For instance a firefighter might be expect to jump from a moving fire truck traveling at fifteen miles per hour successfully hook up a four-inch hose to a hydrant and turn on the hydrant all in less than forty seconds. Such explicit goals ensure that both the supervisor and the employee know what is expect from the training effort.
Training methods
The old saying “if the only tool you have is a hammer then you tend to see every problem as a nail” is quite applicable to employee training. If you are familiar with one type of training such as classroom lecture it may seem to be a good way to deliver training for many type of topic. However what work best for teaching one type of skill may not work well for another. For example teaching employee computer skill necessary for a newly automate process would require much different training methods than teaching employee about the skill and attitude necessary for better customer service diversity training or preventing sexual harassment. Fortunately many different type of training methods are available. For the most part however we can classify them as on-the-job or off-the-job training.
On the job training methods for many situation the most effective way to train an employee involve putting the employee in the work place and providing training with a fellow employee for trainer. Example include.
On the job training is probably the oldest and most frequently used type of training. If you think back to your first job you were probably trained on the job. It can be quite informal and involves the trainee working alongside some experience employees or trainers in the actual work environment. Small organization may use OJT as their primary or only training method because they may not know that there are other methods available. It is appropriate for many entry level job but there are other training tools that can be more effective. Employee who facilitate on the job training need to be trained themselves on the best way to model teach and reinforce the skill. Trainers also need to understand that they are representative of the organizational culture as well as an expert in performing the task.
HRM need to determine which training methods are the most appropriate for the skill needed and the employees. It may be necessary to combine several methods. For example production employee may need classroom instruction in topics like safety quality standard math and measurement before hand-on training can begin.
Job rotation has long been considered a valuable tolls to increase employee motivation. Job rotation involves lateral transfer that allow employee to work at different