which was measured with the viable plate count and optical density methods. One 5-mm disk of pure R. solani Q1 culture was placed in the center of a Petri dish containing potato dextrose agar (PDA). Four drops of the bacterial suspension were placed around the fungal inoculums at a distance of 2 cm. In the control, sterile distilled water was used in place of the suspension. Plates were incubated for 48 h at 28 °C. Each experiment was conducted in triplicate and repeated at least three times.