A large part of the Italian welfare system is designed and implemented at the very local level,
leading to a high degree of heterogeneity in the type and the generosity of available
programs across the country. As a consequence, studies of welfare use based on standard
household surveys may fail to consider a large part of welfare recipients and provisions. In
this paper I overcome such a problem by combining the analysis of welfare use in the Italian
sample of the European Survey of Incomes and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) with the
investigation of a new administrative archive that contains information on means tests
certificates needed for applying to all kind of locally administered welfare programs. Results
show that, without controlling for observable characteristics, migrants from outside the EU
are more likely to receive or apply for welfare. Once individual and household characteristics
are controlled for, such a residual welfare dependency is greatly reduced but does not
disappear. Geographical location is a key factor, given that migrants tend to locate in the
richest areas of the country, which also happen to be the ones where the local welfare is most generous.
A large part of the Italian welfare system is designed and implemented at the very local level,leading to a high degree of heterogeneity in the type and the generosity of availableprograms across the country. As a consequence, studies of welfare use based on standardhousehold surveys may fail to consider a large part of welfare recipients and provisions. Inthis paper I overcome such a problem by combining the analysis of welfare use in the Italiansample of the European Survey of Incomes and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) with theinvestigation of a new administrative archive that contains information on means testscertificates needed for applying to all kind of locally administered welfare programs. Resultsshow that, without controlling for observable characteristics, migrants from outside the EUare more likely to receive or apply for welfare. Once individual and household characteristicsare controlled for, such a residual welfare dependency is greatly reduced but does notdisappear. Geographical location is a key factor, given that migrants tend to locate in therichest areas of the country, which also happen to be the ones where the local welfare is most generous.
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